科技部徐冠華部長在全國科技工作會議上提出，“十五”期間科技部將拿出8億元資金組織實施制造業信息化工程，並在去年對寶鋼、壹汽等19項大企業信息化項目安排國債貼息支持的基礎上，繼續把企業信息化建設作為國債貼息重點支持的專項，力爭用5年時間在國家重點企業中基本實現信息化。
長期以來，政府十分重視企業管理信息化工作，將此作為“以信息化帶動工業化”戰略中的重大舉措，大力推動企業，尤其是國有大中企業，積極采用企業資源計劃(ERP)、供應鏈管理(SCM)和客戶關系管理(CRM)等先進信息化管理系統。為指導該項工作的健康發展，2001年我們在江蘇省計劃發展委員會的支持和參與下，對省內100多家大中型企業管理信息化的應用現狀和今後打算進行了問卷調查，並對重點企業進行了深入地實地考察。現將存在的主要問題和建議的措施和途徑作簡要介紹。
壹、當前企業管理信息化存在的主要問題
1．相當數量企業對實施先進信息化管理系統的重要性認識不足，實施此類系統的主動性不強，系統實施仍然處於自發狀態，存在壹定盲目性。
2．企業改制和現代企業制度建設進程比較緩慢，企業的落後管理模式與信息化管理系統的先進管理理念相沖突，觀念更新、企業業務流程重組和組織重組的任務非常繁重。
3．企業信息化管理系統的軟件市場較為混亂，市場制度建設滯後；軟件價格高，對環境要求高，超出相當數量企業的經濟承受能力和管理基礎環境；軟件商的服務與企業的要求有較大差距，在實施過程中，企業需要依賴於軟件商提供更全面和完善的服務，但大多數軟件商提供的服務仍然停留在“以我為主”的理念，缺乏實施信息化管理系統的專業咨詢機構。這樣，在系統實施過程中企業缺少可依賴和可靠的指導者、權益維護者和風險分擔者，不利於系統的推廣應用。此外，還缺乏軟件開發人才和應用人才。調查中，有60％的企業認為缺乏相關技術人才和人才流失是制約系統應用的關鍵因素；軟件開發人才的缺乏，同樣制約了管理系統軟件的“本土化”進程。
5．政府對信息化管理系統應用的引導和支持不夠系統、不夠有力。存在多頭管理的情況，計委、經貿委、科技管理部門等都分別有自己的鼓勵和扶持政策，相互協調不夠。
二、推進企業管理信息化的措施和途徑
針對上述情況，為實現企業管理信息化的戰略目標，應進壹步明確推動先進信息化管理系統應用的最終目標是提高企業的競爭力，而政府的推動應側重於營造有利於系統應用的行業和社會環境，這是設計政策措施的總體思路。
政府推動企業管理信息化的措施和途徑有以下三個方面：
1．通過有效的政府行為，進行直接倡導和推動——政府舉措
(1)進壹步明確推動企業管理信息化的戰略意義，將推動系統應用納入發展規劃，並切實加以落實。
(2)政府適當投入，建立並逐步完善支持系統應用的宣傳、交流、研究的信息溝通系統。
（3)努力培養積聚軟件開發的相關人才。教育部最近在全國批準壹批高校成立軟件學院，就是這方面的重大舉措。
(4)積極鼓勵、推動軟件開發商、用戶與學術界的聯合或合作，研究和開發適合我國國情和具有競爭力的先進的管理系統軟件產品。
(5)建立並逐步完善支持先進管理系統應用的培訓系統。為此，可以采用選拔、委托，授權中介機構或直接組織等形式，利用社會資源，並需要精心規劃和設計。
(6)建設系統應用的示範工程。註意對示範工程的跟蹤評價並引入滾動機制，確保示範工程的示範性。
(7)要有直接的政策激勵(直接政策激勵通常包括政府補貼、政府采購、稅收優惠和貸款安排等)。這類激勵政策可能在短期內產生較明顯的效果，但亦可能產生負面效應，因此只能將其作為推動系統應用的輔助手段。此外，要采取措施確保有限資源的合理使用。
2．通過行政影響軟件供應商行為——供應商行為
(1)建立和維護開放高效的行業環境，限制地方保護等形式的不公平競爭，在開業、融資，人才供給、信息獲得、研究咨詢等各個環節，通過社會、市場系統的不斷完善，營造良好的投資環境。
(2)研究和建立行業和行業行為規範。成立由政府部門、專家、軟件商和用戶代表組成的行業指導委員會，為規範行業行為、促進行業健康發展提供制度和組織保證。
(3)加大扶持力度，鼓勵有自主知識產權、“本土化”軟件的開發。這類軟件壹經市場檢驗、受用戶歡迎，政府可以考慮以信息提示、企業和品牌宣傳、產品推薦、後續研發支持等形式予以扶持。
(4)積極推進管理軟件領域的國際合作。鼓勵軟件企業通過軟件成熟度 (CMM)標準的國際認證，為國產軟件進入國際市場奠定基礎。
(5)建立高水平的系統應用的咨詢機構。要求專業咨詢機構具有較好的跨學科的知識結構，除了能給予企業以正確的系統實施方法的指導外，還能根據不同企業的特點給予系統規劃、流程重組、軟件選型、風險控制、項目組織實施等全過程的幫助。政府還可以通過行業指導委員會等積極推進面向系統有效應用的咨詢服務。
3．通過政府影響管理系統用戶的行為——用戶行為
(1)加快企業改制和現代企業制度建設步伐。先進軟件系統在企業的有效應用直接要求企業在戰略、組織、文化等深層面的變革與之相適應，重要的是要保證事業責任心強、註重學習、勇於和善於領導變革的領導者走上崗位，並使他們具備推動變革必要的權力和影響力。
(2)積極推進企業管理現代化和提高管理系統建設水平。政府對企業，特別是國有企業在管理現代化方面的投入應給予充分肯定，除財務指標外，企業管理系統建設方面的進步亦應考慮作為其業績考核的壹個重要方面
(3)充分認識和遵循先進信息化管理系統應用的規律。“壹把手”要有高度的責任感和使命感，要積極試點推進企業首席信息執行官制度。
Enterprises there are three levels of information-based content, the first level of the data, the second level is the level of information flow, and the third level of decision-making information. According to incomplete statistics, China's enterprises to realize the Internet is only 20-30% of all enterprises, all of the realization of CAD, OA, MIS system, less than 10% of the enterprises as the core enterprise e-business ERP systems, business has been achieved only 2.9%. China's accession to the WTO, how to improve the level of enterprise information to improve the international competitiveness has become the focus of attention.
Ministry of Science and Technology in the National Conference on scientific and technological work, "15" during the Ministry of Science and Technology will come up with 800 million yuan of funds and organize the implementation of manufacturing information engineering, and Baoshan Iron and Steel in the last year, FAW 19 large enterprises, such as information technology projects arrangements to support the bonds based on the discount to continue to the construction of enterprise information as the focus of treasury bonds to support the special discount, and strive to 5 years at the national key enterprises of the basic information.
A long time, the Government attaches great importance to the work of business management information, as "using information technology to stimulate industrialization" strategy a major initiative to promote the enterprises, especially state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises, active use of enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply chain management (SCM) and customer relationship management (CRM) and other advanced information management systems. As a guide the healthy development of the work, we are in 2001 in Jiangsu Province plans to develop the Committee's support and participation of the province more than 100 large and medium-sized enterprise management of information technology applications and future intention to conduct a survey of key enterprises conducted a thorough site investigation. The main problems and proposed measures and means for a brief introduction.
First, the current information-based business management major problems
1. Considerable number of enterprises on the implementation of advanced information management system of sufficient understanding of the importance of the initiative to implement such a system is not strong, the system is still in the spontaneous state of implementation, there is a certain blindness.
2. Enterprises and the process of building a modern enterprise system is relatively slow, lagging behind the management of enterprise information management model and advanced management system, the concept of conflict, the concept of updated business process reengineering and organizational restructuring of the task is very heavy.
3. Enterprise information management systems software market is more chaotic, the market system lag; software prices high, the environmental requirements, in excess of a considerable number of economic enterprises and management of the foundation bearing capacity of the environment; software service providers and enterprises a wide gap between the requirements of , in the implementation process, companies need to rely on software to provide a more comprehensive and improve its services, but the majority of software vendors to provide the services remain in the "we" concept, the lack of implementation of information management system of professional advisory body . In this way, the implementation process in the system to rely on enterprises and lack of reliable guidance, and the rights of defenders and risk-sharing, the system is not conducive to the popularization and application. In addition, the lack of software development and application of human resources professionals. Survey, 60% of enterprises believe that the lack of relevant skills and brain drain is a key constraint system factors; the lack of software development talent, the same constraints of the management system software "localization" process.
5. Government's information management system not enough guidance and support system is not vigorous enough. The existence of multi-management, Planning Commission, Economic and Trade Commission, science and technology, management and so on, respectively, have their own policies to encourage and support each other not enough coordination.
Second, to promote information-based enterprise management measures and means
In response to these circumstances, to achieve the enterprise management of information technology strategic objectives, should be further advanced information management system the ultimate goal is to improve the competitiveness of enterprises and the Government should focus on promoting an environment conducive to the industry system and social environment, which is the design of policies and measures of general idea.
Government to promote information-based enterprise management measures and means of the following three aspects:
1. Through effective governmental action, to engage in direct advocacy and promotion - government initiatives
(1) further defined the promotion of enterprise management of the strategic significance of information, will promote the system into development planning and effective implementation.
(2) the appropriate inputs, establish and gradually improve the support system of advocacy, communication, research the information communication system.
(3) software development efforts to foster the accumulation of the relevant professionals. Ministry of Education recently approved a number of colleges and universities in the establishment of the National Software Institute is a major initiative in this regard.
(4) to actively encourage and promote software developers, users and academia joint or co-operation, research and development for China's national conditions and the competitiveness of advanced management system software products.
(5) establish and gradually improve the system to support the application of advanced management training system. To this end, the selection can be used to commission, authorized intermediaries or direct form of organization, use of social resources and the need for careful planning and design.
(6) the construction of the demonstration project application. Attention to the follow-up evaluation of demonstration projects and the introduction of a rolling mechanism to ensure that the model demonstration project.
(7) have a direct policy incentives (direct policy incentives typically include government subsidies, government procurement, tax incentives and loan arrangements, etc.). This type of incentive policies in the short term may have more pronounced effect, but may also have a negative effect, it can only promote the system as a means of supporting applications. In addition, it is necessary to take measures to ensure the rational use of limited resources.
2. Through administrative acts of the impact of software vendor - supplier behavior
(1) the establishment and maintenance of an open and efficient trade environment, restrictions on the form of local protection of unfair competition in business, finance, personnel supply, information access, research all aspects of consultation, through the community, improve the market system, to create a good investment environment.
(2) research and the establishment of trade and industry codes of conduct. Set up by government departments, experts, software vendors and users of the industry representatives of the Steering Committee, to regulate the industry and promote the healthy development of the industry to provide an institutional and organizational guarantees.
(3) to increase support and encourage their own intellectual property rights, "native" software. Once this type of software testing market by users, the Government may consider information tips, business and brand awareness, product recommendation, follow-up to support the form of R & D support.
(4) actively promote the management of international cooperation in the field of software. Software companies to encourage the adoption of software maturity (CMM) standards for international certification for the domestic software to lay the foundation to enter the international market.
(5) the establishment of high-level advisory body system. Requirements of the professional advisory body to have good inter-disciplinary knowledge structure, in addition to enterprises can be given the correct implementation of the guidance system, but also the characteristics of different enterprises in accordance with systematic planning, process reengineering, software selection, risk control, project and so the whole process of organization and implementation assistance. Government through the Steering Committee and other industry-oriented system to actively promote the effective application of the advisory services.
3. The impact of management systems through the user's behavior - user behavior
(1) to accelerate enterprise restructuring and the pace of modern enterprise system. Advanced software systems in the enterprise demands the effective application of the direct business strategies, organizational, cultural, and other deep-level corresponding changes, it is important to ensure that the cause of a strong sense of responsibility, learning, courage and leadership changes at the leadership path positions, and they have the necessary power to drive change and influence.
(2) actively promote the modernization of enterprise management system and improve the level of management. Government enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises in the management of the modernization of the input should be fully affirmed, with the exception of financial indicators, the enterprise management system should also consider the progress of its performance as an important aspect of
(3) fully understand and follow the advanced information management system for the application of the law. "Top leaders" have a high sense of responsibility and mission, the pilot must actively promote the system of corporate Chief Information Officer.